Fast food and homemade food Essay

Homemade food is better than fast food because it’s healthy, cheaper, and you control what’s in your food. Food is the most important thing that keeps us alive so we have to choose wisely on what we eat. But some people choose to eat meals that are giving to you in less than five minutes than a meal that takes thirty or more minutes. Fast food and homemade food also have their similarities because you could choose what you want to eat and when you want it. Fast food attracts people because its ready to go anytime of the day and many people don’t have that time to actually make a meal. Many people rely on fast food because it’s convenient to them and you could find a fast food place at almost any corner in a town. Everyone is busy you’re a college student, you work a lot, or your kids are keeping you busy so you are always in a rush so you don’t have the time to make a actual meal but that doesn’t mean your eating habits have to be a rush. When you’re making food at home you have control of the ingredients going in and what’s not going in. When eating fast food you don’t know if its health because you don’t know what is being put in the food you’re eating. For example, you could go to McDonalds and get a hamburger from the dollar menu or make your own at home, they both look the same and are probably going to be the same size but the differences between them are the calories in the hamburger and the tastes. By making your own you know what kind of percent of fat is in the meat. Almost all fast food restaurants look for deals so they would buy meat that has more percent of fat because it’s cheaper than meat that has less percent of fat. People keep feeding their kids fast food but what they don’t think about is it could lead their children to obesity in the future. By feeding them home made food you will have more control of their weight and they will have more energy throughout the day. Cooking at home dose take time out of your day but you also save much more  money than eating out because when you cook at home you could cook one meal and that meal could last you all day or you could save the food for the next day. For example you could buy a five pound bag of chicken breast and use it for different types of meals for the week. Also, cooking at home could bring you family together and make the preparation go by faster. Both fast food and homemade food have differences and similarities. Fast food is more convenient and takes less time were as homemade food is healthier and saves you money.

Velocity and Acceleration (Video Analysis) Lab Report

Velocity and Acceleration (Video Analysis) NAME Abstract: With using the new software this lab was different than the rest. We determined many solutions using video analysis. We used a frictionless track with a â€Å"car† and recorded using loggerpro software. We used this software to determine average velocity and instantaneous velocity. With this information we than discovered the average acceleration, mine was . 2115. After that we were able to find ? a, then finally the free-fall acceleration, I got 1. 693.Overall this was a fun and difficult experiment, but I learned a ton about acceleration and velocity. Introduction: The average person might hear the word physics and have no idea what it really means. The formal definition is; a science that deals with matter and energy and their interactions. Now that definition is nice and short, and doesn’t explain into too much detail, but that is the gist of it. And hopefully can help you understand this lab a little bit mor e. The next question an average person is going to ask is when is this even used in real life?But there are many examples, for one; 2-d vectors and projectile are used when using a cannonball, or any other ball flying through the air, every motion on a flat surface. Another example is hitting a golf ball, which can be in kinematics or in dynamics. If only motion of a golf ball is discussed, with terms like velocity, acceleration, displacement etc. then it's in kinematics. If mass, force, and impulse are also mentioned, than its dynamics. Those are just two of many different examples. The example that ties into this lab is hitting the golf ball, well the part about acceleration and velocity.So, if this lab is completed correctly and not only will you be able to determine the acceleration and velocity of the car on the tract but of your golf ball as well, which could be fun to see who’s is the highest with your friends. So before you know it you will be using physics in your ev eryday life and have fun doing it. But in this lab we will be finding a little bit more than just velocity and acceleration of low friction systems, we will also obtain a value for instantaneous velocity, which is used if we reduce the time interval between ti and tf to a very small value.Also the value for the free-fall acceleration g, this will be found using analytical and graphical methods, where the slope will also be determined. And I believe having fun while doing it. So, don’t think of physics as this hard useless subject because it is not! In fact, if understood it can be a useful and fun subject to learn. Theory: To describe object's motion we have a parameter called velocity which gives both the direction and speed of the object's motion. Average velocity can be found with net displacementtotal time taken or Xf-XiTf-Ti.In the first part of the experiment we will observe the motion at constant and even velocity. Constant means a quantity where the value does not cha nge with time. Even is a quantity where the value does not change with space coordinates. If a system could be found in which a mass moves with no friction, then that motion would be both even and constant. While it is impossible to take away friction completely, it is somewhat easy to minimize friction to almost none. The device available for studying nearly frictionless motion and the one we will be using is called a linear air track.Next is to find the value for instantaneous velocity which can be found with the equation; V3= X4-X2T4-T2, V4 X7-X5T7-T5, and so on, this must be done eight to ten times. So, if we determine the net displacement and take that and divide it by the total time taken, then we can establish the average velocity and the instantaneous velocity. Next we have to obtain the acceleration and the free-fall acceleration. These are found separately though and take two different methods, although they are very similar. First we must place a 1. 7 cm block under the l inear air track to rise it up which is essential to find the free-fall acceleration and the average acceleration. To find the acceleration we will be using an equation, which is; a=Vf-ViTf-Ti. And for the free-fall acceleration it is simply used with analytical and graphing with an equation, which is; Mg sin? = Ma. So, if we determine the velocity, then the acceleration can be calculated, and take that data and we can determine the free-fall acceleration. Experiment: First, before beginning this experiment you need to make sure you have the correct materials.You will need; an air track, an air car, a computer, a web cam, loggerPro ® software, a USB thumb drive, a meter stick, and a calculator. Once you have the proper equipment you are now ready to start the lab. First you turn on the vacuum cleaner, next set the car on the track. After that give the car a small push, if it runs good then you are good to go. Start up the LoggerPro ® software, select â€Å"insert†, then â €Å"Video Capture†. A pop up will appear and click on â€Å"Logitech HD Webcam C310† and click â€Å"OK†. A live image will appear.Put the web cam in a place in which you can see the whole track. On the computer click â€Å"Start Capture† button (which will start the recording), once it starts a lab partner will take the car (should be already placed at the begging of the track) and give it a slight push and wait till the car hits the end of the track and comes back to the beginning to stop the recording. Then close the window. Now that the video is taken, you will need to extract the data. First click the scale button and trace the meter stick, set it as one meter.Then click â€Å"add points† and track the car from the beginning till the end (only when moving). Press Ctrl-R to rearrange the windows, this will give a better view. Next click on the â€Å"Examine† tool, this will move the data to a data table, then turn the tool off. Once this is finished select the â€Å"Linear Fit† tool then select the â€Å"VideoAnalysisX†, this will draw a best fit line and then save. Next take the 1. 27 cm block and place it under one end of the track, this will be the end of the track where the test is run.Then in LoggerPro ® open a new page and record a video doing the same steps you previously did. Once this is complete calculate the instantaneous velocity at various points. This is done by selecting â€Å"Data†, â€Å"New Manual Column.. †, name this column â€Å"Vinst† and set the unit to â€Å"m/s†; then click â€Å"Done†. This is when the equation comes in, once each point is determined you will have to manually plug in the value into the â€Å"Vinst† column. Once this is complete you will need to complete a graph with the data from the â€Å"Vinst† column.Now the last step is just to do the calculations. Data ; Results: Acceleration= . 65-. 105-2. 4 = . 552. 6 or . 2115 ?a=12amax-amin=12. 684. 5-. 564. 8= . 0172 Free-fall acceleration = Mg sin? = Ma = g=asin? = sin? =hl= 1. 27cm125cm= . 0102 g=alh= (. 0172)(125)1. 27=1. 693 Discussion: With using the new software this lab was different than the rest. We determined many solutions using video analysis. We used a frictionless track with a â€Å"car† and recorded using loggerpro software.We used this software to determine average velocity and instantaneous velocity. With this information we than discovered the average acceleration, mine was . 2115. After that we were able to find ? a, then finally the free-fall acceleration, I got 1. 693. Overall this was a fun and difficult experiment, but I learned a ton about acceleration and velocity. References: Mellinger, Axel, Matson, William, and Qadir, Didarul. PHYSICS 175 Laboratory Manual. Department of Physics. Central Michigan University. August 2012. January 2013

Midterm Analysis about an specific articles regarding Humen Rights Essay

Midterm Analysis about an specific articles regarding Humen Rights - Essay Example However as time passed by it came to the attention of all the human beings that their fellow beings had exactly the same feelings that they themselves possessed and these feelings should be respected. If this principle is understood we can further elaborate on this topic by going back to times when human rights did not even evolve. Thus it can be said that human rights evolved only because of the created awareness about the feelings and sentiments of human beings which helped all humans to realize about the inner self of their fellow human beings (Bourke 2007 & Langwith 2008). In this world atrocious and despicable acts of killing, looting, raping, and torturing can be traced back to the times of the Jesus Christ himself and even before than that. These acts are still widely prevalent even now and because of these very acts the humans are not being provided with the dignity and rights that they rightly deserve. Thus to counter act all these acts a broad phenomena has been developed which is known as Human Rights. Human Rights are the rights which the human beings rightly deserve for living in this world. These human rights have been created over time as more and more became known about the nature of the human beings. These human rights urge individuals to treat every human as equal to them whether he is of a different class, gender or race. Human Rights have been officially recognized in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights by the UN Assembly (Bourke 2007 & Langwith 2008). Joanne Burke in her article Sentimental Education tells that a revolution took place in the subject of human rights in the 17th century when the National Assembly of France itself stated the natural, unalienable and sacred rights of man. This was the beginning of the evolution of the concept of human rights which was further followed by other individuals who brought forward the message of human nature to the whole world (Bourke

The logic of alliance Value Creation model on case study Renault and Assignment

The logic of alliance Value Creation model on case study Renault and Nissan - Assignment Example In this manner the alliance has proved to be a success for both Nissan and Renault. However the two companies are still facing challenges in creating an organizational culture that can maximize cooperation between the human resources from the two companies. In order to create the maximum value from this alliance, Nissan and Renault need to share their core competencies to synergistic effects. This will enable both companies to improve their specifications and standards in a continuous process so that the competitive advantages of both companies are made sustainable. Strengths and weaknesses Nissan’s strength is the worldwide market share while Renault’s strength is in financial management (Glover, 2006). By forming this alliance, both companies will be able to address these structural problems. In order to maintain its financial strength, the French car maker Renault has to access new markets and this objective is met by forming the alliance with the Japanese car maker Nissan. Both companies will be able to implement the practice of benchmarking which is defined as comparing an organization’s performance against the best practices in the industry. This alliance will enable Nissan to compare its financing strategies against those of Renault and thus identify the areas of improvement. Renault will be able to compare its product development practices with those implemented by Nissan. As a result both companies can improve their efficiencies in these operational processes and thus strengthen their competitive advantages. ... The main weakness is the different focus in each organization design. Nissan places strategic focus upon supply chain management while Renault’s strategic focus is upon product development. Therefore there are structural dissimilarities which must be addressed if the alliance is to enable Nissan and Renault to capitalize upon each other’s assets. The challenge in front of the management is to create a decision making process which will enable the human resources from both companies to coordinate their efforts so that there is no duplication. This can address the company-specific weaknesses. Nissan’s financial weakness can be addressed by importing the financial management practices from Renault. Similarly Renault can access additional geographic markets in order to maximize its market reach. However in order to meet the demand from additional markets, Renault has to focus upon supply chain management which is Nissan’s strength. Nissan has embarked upon a c ost-cutting initiative to create greater demand for its products. If Nissan can reduce its cost of operations, then it will be able to price its automobiles more competitively. Because of its financial management practices, Renault has been successful in maintaining demand for its products in the market that the automaker currently operates in. However demand in these markets is shrinking. Therefore Renault needs to access additional markets in those regions which have growing demand. By forming the alliance with Nissan, Renault has been able to meet this objective. By forming this alliance, Renault will be able to access those markets that Nissan operates in. As a result, Renault will be able to sell more cars and enhance scale economies. Because of the high costs of new

Corporate Finance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 6

Corporate Finance - Essay Example Due to recessionary conditions and down side of economy, there is no immediate chance of recovery. Accordingly, Qantas Airways, which has leveraged beta of 1.25 is certainly a more risky company compared to any other company in the table. Above table suggests that business risks associated are lowest with Telstra Corp. and Coca Cola companies for having lowest beta of 0.16 and 0.15 respectively. Highest business risks are associated with BHP Billiton and Rio Tinto with beta of 0.52 and 0.43 respectively. As table indicates for the companies where finance risks are low (like CSL and BHP Billiton), business risk is high and the companies with high finance risk (like Coca-Cola and Telstra), business risk is low. Thus when we compare business risk with finance risk, we find that both are not consistent. Further, comparing the figures of shareholder’s return of BHP Billiton and Coca Cola, we find that both have given almost same returns; however, there is a vast difference between their business risks and financial risks profiles. Obviously, they are following Modigliani and Miller theorem that value of the companies are independent of its capital structure. 3. BHP Billiton and Rio Tinto though belong to the same industry sector; they have vastly different debt-equity ratios. Rio Tinto is a high leveraged company and its return on equity in percentage terms is less than that of BHP Billiton, which indicates that servicing cost of debt lowers down the percentage return on equity. In other words we can say that higher leveraging does not bring any additional return to the equity holders. Total shareholder’s return too in case of Rio Tinto is only slightly less compared to that of BHP Billiton’s shareholder’s return. Despite large percentage difference in return on equity, there is not a proportionate difference on the value of total shareholders return. In short, above set of Australian companies do not seem to

Personal and Professional Development Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 1

Personal and Professional Development - Essay Example Based on my personality and self-assessment test result, a personal career action plan was presented in this report. Table of Contents Executive Summary ............................................................................................................... 2 Table of Contents ................................................................................................................... 3 1. Introduction ................................................................................................................ 4 2. Application of Theoretical Frameworks to Learning Experiences ............................ 5 2.1 Myers-Brigg’s Test ..................................................................................... 5 2.2 Johari’s Window ......................................................................................... 6 2.3 SWOT analysis ........................................................................................... 7 3. Career Action Pl an .................................................................................................... 7 4. Conclusion ................................................................................................................ ... ...................................................................... 16 Appendix IV – SWOT Analysis Framework ........................................................................ 17 1. Introduction The act of getting to know oneself is important in both personal and professional development. Basically, my future career goal is to become a successful and effective HR manager. To make my future career goal a reality, I take it as a challenge to continuously improve my leadership skills at all times. Managing people is one of the most difficult jobs a person can have. Aside from keeping each employee motivated at work, it is part of the HR managers’ responsibility to handle each corporate employee effectively. By doing so, the HR manager can help the company save a lot of time, money, and effort in training and retaining a large number of highly competitive employees (Jackson, Schuler and Werner, 2012, p. 194). A company is usually composed of a group of diverse empl oyees. The fact that each employee has a unique set of cultural background, religious beliefs, educational attainment, work attitude and behaviour makes the task of HR managers even more complicated than it seems. For this reason, I assume that there is a strong need for HR managers to further improve their leadership skills. Leadership is strongly relevant to my preferred professional career and development. By focusing on the need to improve my leadership skills, I will be able to strongly â€Å"influence, select, equip, and train† employees without the need to use strong force on them (Winston and Patterson, 2006, p. 7). Furthermore, I strongly believe that through the use of a strong charismatic technique, I could easily win the attention and support of each employee. This will make me able to

Contribution of an information audit to an information systems Essay

Contribution of an information audit to an information systems strategy - Essay Example Information audits are useful tools employed by organizations to identify, cost, develop, and rationalize their information resources and services. Also, as the foregoing definition suggests, an important function of information audits is that it yields results that clarify the benefits contributed by the firm’s information services to the overall effort of the organization in the attainment of its goals (Dubois, 1995). While information audits are of primary importance in organizations that deal in information, such as libraries, and archival and database centres, they nevertheless tend to benefit all types of organizations in managing the firm more effectively (Suduc, et al., 2010). There are several benefits to information audits; these include ensuring validity (that information is accurate and complete), diagnostics (identification of strong and weak points), feedback (to see if inputs produce the desired outputs), information (for staff to maximize the benefits of inform ation), and training (for staff members) (Botha & Boon, 2003). Aside from these, one of the most important of which is the enhancement of information systems security. The great amount of information accessible through the current digital communication networks also creates vulnerabilities for the integrity of company information systems, both to attacks from inside and outside the company (Suduc, et al., 2010). In another study, Rosca, et al. (2010) forward the proposition of and information systems audit as cornerstone of corporate IT governance in the context of institutions of higher learning. Information Technology Governance (IT Governance) addresses the concerns of regulators, management and clientele about the proper use of information, most especially personal data. It focuses on IT systems and their performance and risk management. Application of IT audits in the Rosca study served the purpose of identifying, evaluating and managing university risks, in the course of estab lishing the organization’s governance structure. The principles around which IT audit and governance are structured, however, are not limited to the academe but find much relevance in any type of organization that has its own internal IT system. The goals of information audit, particularly in the service of IT governance, are several and varied, but primarily are aimed at (1) assuring the investment in IT generates value, and (2) mitigating the associated risks with IT implementation. More specific objectives that may be identified are: Objectives for IT audit Major objectives To implement prevailing best practices in IT To assess existing controls or introduce common policy and processes, among which are: IT Help desk amalgamation with common support processes PC/Desktop installation and deployment techniques Information security Software licensing Virtualization of desktops, servers and data hosting To configure key parameters for information security To reduce the frequenc y and/or impact of major incidents Important objectives To align IS components and

Reformation on the modern world Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Reformation on the modern world - Research Paper Example The Reformation age can be also considered as fruition into the age of reason cutting down the legacy of unnecessary theological illusion (Kobe). The paper will be discussing about the impact of the reformation into the modern with the recognition that it was a revolution along with special reference to science, field of art and music and religion. 2. An abridgment of the impacts on the modern world Before moving in to in depth discussion, a brief insight of the impact on the modern world can be elucidated. Firstly, the reformation era splits Christendom into Catholic and Protestant with the destruction of the religious unity of Europe and weakening the authority of church (Holt, 133). The concept of modern secular and centralized state is an attribute of reformation, boosting power to the monarchs at the expense of the church bodies. In this respect it can be stated that the immediate aftermath was the establishment of absolute monarchy and the Protestantism through religious justif ications indirectly contributed to the development of the political liberty which is a predominant feature of the modern west. The notion of equality can be also seen as an evolution of the reformation era the fruits of which are enjoyed in the modern world. ... onscience in the reformation era may be regarded as a precursor of the development of the capitalist spirit and that of the underlying mechanism of the modern economic life (Weber, 42-45). 3. Science and Reformation period The modern science can be regarded as the germinating seed of the reformation period. The doctrine of creation and rationality can be said to be the indispensable part of the reformation period. The herald of scientific explanation in the reformation started from the study and direct observation of the nature. The names of the proponents like Martin Luther, Copernicus holds special reference as they can be regarded as the pioneers in introducing the scientific way of thinking (Kobe). 3.1 Medieval view The medieval world view believed that the nature was an everlasting process and that it kept going from moment to moment by miracle which was new and renewed forever. The presumption was that god; the Almighty was the one who ordered the universe with the help of the miracles. The process was also executed with the human being’s absolute faith in God (Kobe). 3.1 Rationalistic view- An exodus from the medieval view The above stated medieval view was protested in and around the fifteenth century by some intellectuals who wanted to explore the reasons of the miracles which demarcated the rationalistic view of science. The rationalistic view of nature implied that the mind of man is able to forecast the possibilities and impossibilities in the nature with proper justifications. Luther, Copernicus, other reformists and later on Marx also criticized the medieval and superstitious beliefs of the Church (Wuthnow, 492). 3.2 Luther and Copernicus Martin Luther was called the ‘Copernicus of theology’ and Copernicus was called the ‘Luther of astronomy’.

The Worldwide Influence of Electronic Commerce Essay

The Worldwide Influence of Electronic Commerce - Essay Example Electronic commerce, EC, e-commerce or e-commerce consists primarily of the distributing, buying, selling, marketing, and servicing of products or services over electronic systems such as the Internet and other computer networks. The information technology industry might see it as an electronic business application aimed at commercial transactions. It can involve electronic funds transfer, supply chain management, e-marketing, online marketing, online transaction processing, electronic data interchange (EDI), automated inventory management systems, and automated data collection systems. It typically uses electronic communications technology such as the Internet, extranets, e-mail, e-books, databases, and mobile phones. (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/E-commerce) Today, it has been proved that opening a website or getting a large number of hits on them is not enough to get the real business - for example, costs and revenues are also countable and not just website hits. An E-commerce business requires special consideration. On the other hand, it is essential to remember that all the business practices that apply in general business are not normally applicable to electronic commence. E-commerce can apply to purchases made through the Web or to business-to-business activities such as inventory transfers. A customer can order items from a vendor's Web site, paying with a credit card (the customer enters account information via the computer) or with a previously established "cybercash" account. The transaction information is transmitted (usually by modem) to a financial institution for payment clearance and to the vendor for order fulfillment. Personal and account information is kept confidential through the use of "secured transactions" that use encryption technology.

MacDonaldisaation Thesis (Education paper) analysis of journal article Essay

MacDonaldisaation Thesis (Education paper) analysis of journal article by Dale (1994) UK EDUCATION SYSTEM KNOWLEDGE REQUIRED - Essay Example The 'Mac' chain of restaurants is famous for standardising everything related to the production or selling of their goods. Dale (1994) also argues how Ritzer has started a crusade against the 'fast-food' giant 'Mac' and how they have ensured the disintegration of the family. He quotes Ritzer in saying that the habitual use of 'McDonaldized' systems is destructive to our physical and physiological well-being as well as to the society as a whole. We have to agree to the fact that we are in a world where brand names become common names. If we were to ask what is common between 'Zipper', 'Xerox', 'Kerosene', then the answer is they are all 'Trade names' that has become common names. In the same vein, the processes adopted by 'McDonaldization' have come to stay with us as 'McDonaldization'. In fact, 'McDonaldization' is much older than we thought (see McDonaldization 2008). In fact it is much older than the principles adopted by Ray Croc, founder of McDonalds (for more information see McDonaldization 2008). If that was the case, then why talk of only 'McDonaldization' It is possible that everybody could afford a 'Big Mac', but not a Ford automobile! The logic of operating 'Mac' although looks very simple and organised and certain things have to be borne in mind. First, 'Mac' makes a limited set of dishes that are similar in taste, packaging and quality; secondly people like it and hence its popularity and finally the volume of 'Mac' food eaten by people is a very small compared to their normal food. In this age of globalisation and free trade it is inevitable that all products cannot be handmade and delivered specially. Mass production is inevitable; also because the consumption, sometimes, far exceeds the production. The only way to ensure that any product lives up to the manufactures reputation is that they are trouble free. To make it trouble free, certain manufacturing norms have to be introduced that are uniform and streamlined. The flipside to this argument is that 'Mac' generates trash because of 'McDonaldization' procuring food that has ethical issues. So it is under these 'parameters' we are forced to live and act, whe ther we like it or not. Ritzer opines that there are four reasons behind 'McDonaldization' namely efficiency, calculability, predictability and control. For details on this please refer to 'McDonaldization, (2008). Here again the flipside of the argument is that we have to take into consideration the following: 1) irrationality; 2) deskilling and 3) consumer workers (for more information see McDonaldization 2008) Dale, 'McDonaldization' and education 'Commoditization' of education is the byword in today's academic circles (Dale 1998; Daniel 2002). Dale (1998) argues about 'McDonaldization' of higher education in today's scenario. In today's education system, other than the traditional way of teaching, a lot of institutions are offering franchising options. This is akin to 'McDonaldization', but in the educational system. Daniel (2002) calls it the 'commoditization' of education. The advantages in this method are large. It brings education to all by implementing a uniform curriculum for everybody and it is gaining popularity in most of the Open Universities of the world and is also gaining acceptance in most of the developing countries. In this

To determine the relative composition Essay Example for Free

To determine the relative composition Essay To determine the relative composition of a mixture solution containing sodium ethane-1, 2-dioate and ethane-1, 2-dioic acid. INTRODUCTION Potassium permanganate KMn is a strong oxidizing agent which reacts with reducing agent ethanedioate ion to give and C + 2 Mn+ 16 2+8+10 Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) reacts with acid to give water . the reaction is shown with the following equation + To investigate the relative composition of the mixture solution, it has to be titrated with NaOH first with phenolphthalein as indicator and then with acidify KMn as Mn react with both compound. KMnhas to be acidified first, otherwise brown ppt of Mn is formed instead of 2 H2O + MnO4- + 3 e- i Mn+ 4 In addition to that, the reaction solution has to be warmed to about 70 as the reaction rate is very slow. MATERIALS AND APPARATUS beaker measuring cylinder. Safety spectacles beaker conical flask pipette ,25 burette ,50, and stand wash bottle white file electrical heater sulphuric acid Potassium permanganate KMn solution Mixture solution PROCEDURE 1. 25. 00of the mixture solution was transferred into a 250conical flask using a pipette rinsed by distilled water and the mixture solution 2. The burette rinsed by distilled water and NaOH is filled with NaOH 3. Titrate the mixture solution with 0. 1M NaOH solotuion using phenolphthalein as indicactor 4. Until the solution turns pink, result is recorded in table 1 5. About 25. 00of 1M sulphuric acid (using measuring cylinder) is added to the conical flask . 6. The mixture is then heated by electrical heater to at least 70. 7. The heated mixture is then titrated with 0. 02M Potassium permanganate KMn until a permanent pink colour is observed 8. Record the result in Table2 RESULT Table 1 Titration result of mixture solution against NaOH Trial 1 2 3 Final burette reading 15. 4 27. 3 39. 0 12. 8 Initial burette Reading 3. 1 15. 4 27. 3 1. 0 Volume of NaOH Added 12. 3 11. 9 11. 7 11. 8 Mean Volume of NaOH added ( 11. 7+11. 8+11. 9) /3 =11. 8 Table 2 Titration result of mixture solution against KMn Trial 1 2 3 Final burette reading 35. 0 26. 4 45. 5 40. 6 Initial burette Reading 16. 3 7. 1 26. 4 21. 4 Volume of NaOH Added 18. 7 19. 3 19. 1 19. 2 Mean Volume of NaOH added ( 19. 3+19. 1+19. 2) /3 =19. 2 CALCUALTION Equation involved in the reaction between NaOH and mixture solution: + +Na(aq) Mole ratio of NaOH:=2:1 = =11. 8/10000. 1/2 =5. 9xmol Molarity of = 5. 9X/(25/1000) =2. 36 x M + 2 Mn+ 16 2+8+10 Mole ratio of : Mn=5:2 = =519. 2/10000. 02/2 =9. 610^-4 mol Mole of sodium ethane-1,2-dioate = 9. 6x-5. 91 l = 3. 7 x mol Molarity of sodium ethane-1,2-dioate in mixture = 3. 7 x/(25/1000) =1. 48xM DISCUSSIONS CHOICE OF INDICATORS Phenolphthalein is used as indicator in the reaction between Sodium hydroxide and ethane-1, 2-dioic acid because the reaction involves a weak acid titrated against a strong alkali. REASON FOR HEATING THE MIXTURE SOLUTION The rate reaction between and Mn is very slow as there is repulsion between anion. REASON FOR HEATING MIXTURE SOLUTION IN THE CONICAL FLASK INSTEAD OF MN IN THE BURETTE. Aqueous solution of Potassium permanganate KMn is unstable and can easily be decomposed. The decomposition is accelerated by heat. If it is put in the conical flask and heated, it will easily oxidize water to oxygen and the amount of KMn is therefore decreased. 4Mn 4Mn +3 In addition, if hot Potassium permanganate solution is added to the burette, it may cause expansion of burette, causing inaccurate measurement. END POINT The end-point is not very permanent because if the Mn ion is in large excess, the following reaction occur: 2 Mn+3+ 2 +4 DECOPOSITION OF POTASSIUM PERMANGANATE. Potassium permanganate is easily decomposed and the decomposition is speed up by light, heat, acids, base, reducing agent in air such as hydrogen sulphide gas, , , and even by the end-product Therefore, it should be stored in brown bottle and should be standardized before use. ABSORPTION OF WATER BY SODIUM HYDROXIDE sodium hydroxide absorb water from air. The volume of solution increase, and hence cause a decrease in concentration, causing inaccurate calculation. CONCLUSION The concentration of sodium ethane-1,2-dioate is 1. 48xM while ethane-1, 2-dioic acids is 2. 36 x M REFERFERNCE Wikipedia Chan ting hin 6b 11 ? 1.

USA should Begin Withdrawing Troops from Iraq Essay Example for Free

USA should Begin Withdrawing Troops from Iraq Essay War in Iraq affects many countries, their social and economic situation, political stability and international relations. A question of the American military presence in Iraq is one of the most controversial issues in political practice. During years of heated discussions, society has tried to solve the ethical, philosophical and political dilemma concerning the war on terror and aggression of American government against Iraqi people. America should withdraw troops from Iraq because its military presence and occupation contradicts International Law (Hewitt, 2002). The example of the Iraqi war illustrates the fact that the problems of conflicts and violence are not carried out at a distance, against anonymous and invisible victims, but in immediate physical confrontations with them. Another argument is that there is the increasing violence in Iraq against the US military. Following Jeffrey Sachs: â€Å"Were learning again that America cannot be an occupying force in the Middle East† (Web Forum: Was It Worth It?, 2006). Another reason against the military presence of the USA in Iraq is that primary justification for the war against terror and military intervention in Iraq (weapons of mass destruction) is false. The main consequence was a shift of U.S. policy from peaceful neutrality to aggressive international policy supported by military strength. â€Å"It would serve as an example of Washingtons repeated difficulty in winning guerrilla conflicts† (U.S. Faces Pressure †¦ 2005). In addition, the US should withdraws troops from Iraq because the short-term consequences of its presence include increasing budget spending on military sector and security programs, temporal stability and security of the American nation. Nevertheless, the war can create more terrorism affected innocent people around the world. The complications are that in a globalizing world, rich countries cannot insulate themselves from insecurity. Poverty and weak institutions are breeding grounds for public-health crises, violence, and economic volatility. Taking into account the opposite view, it is possible to say that if the USA withdraws troops form Iraq it will threaten its national security and defense. Also, many politicians suppose that the US should implement its long-term policies aimed to strengthen democracy and weakened terrorist groups in this region. Today, Iraqi army is not strong enough to oppose terrorist groups and maintain peace in the region. â€Å"Republicans, warned that withdrawing U.S. troops before the Iraqi army is fully prepared to defend the country against an intractable insurgency would lead to more violence and possible civil war† (Tate, 2006). In this case, it is evident that the US military presence in Iraq is important to secure stable political situation in the region. There seems to be general agreement that competition for political power and the material resources to which such power gives access is a general explanation of the phenomena discussed in the paper. Democratic processes that aim to empower the populace with the final authority see the problem as a top down solution.  No doubt that in modern society the main role is featured to democracy and the US presence supports democratic processes in Iraq. The re-organization of the political system should be mentioned here. Also, a civil war â€Å"could spill over into the rest of the region and threaten the worlds energy supplies, a development that would damage the economies of all oil-dependent countries† (U.S. Faces Pressure †¦ 2005). In this situation, the purpose of US forces is to maintain the continuity of the borders while introducing a degree of regional and local autonomy.   In spite of democratic changes and political stability in Iraq, â€Å"the threat is real and its all the more lethal because, paradoxically or not, its driven by religion and nihilism and a civilizations very unhappy encounter with modernity† (Web Forum, 2006). In this case, the US military is a force which ensures political stability and security for civil population. I suppose that the US should not withdraw troops from Iraq because US forces and control ensures political stability for both Iraq and the US nation. Every nation has the right to go to war in order to sustain its unity, to abolish poor governance, to re-organize the existing political institution if they violate national rights and self-determination. The war on terror and the problem of terrorism has not been yet, and it requires special measures to be made in order to ensure global peace and political stability. From the point of view of the USA, it is a necessary step to protect its citizen from adverse intervention by a nation intending to use weapons of mass destruction. The major public concern is atomic war and its consequences for the globe. Efforts to control these activities through investigations and surveillance on the part of the law-enforcement community also illustrate positive measures to counter the threat of terrorism. Military aid to the civil power is a measure available to the Iraqi government in extraordinary circumstances. â€Å"The US military do whatever we have to do to stabilize Iraq and Afghanistan and use the military power of the U.S. to do that (Burns, 2006). It is important to note that the war in Iraq is aimed to protect civil population from the authoritarian government and its attempts to control natural resources. â€Å"There is no question that Iraq is an important, if not the most important, theater in terms of the fight against Al Qaeda† (Johnson, 2006).  Terrorism on the Middle East is an international problem for many countries including Israel and Palestine, the US and European countries. Thus, the initiation and implementation of measures in response to the threat of terrorism are often complex matters. The problems are magnified when international diplomatic conventions and considerations must also be taken into account. The main means to fight terrorism include firm opposition to terrorism in all its forms and wherever it takes place, and opposition to domestic and international terrorism and respond to terrorist acts. The US mission in Iraq is to ensure global peace and control over the region and its terror groups. References Burns, R. (2006). Pentagon Faces Tough Choices on Iraq. USNews and World Report. Sept 20, Retrieved from   http://hosted.ap.org/dynamic/stories/U/US_IRAQ?SITE=DCUSNSECTION=TOP_STORIESTEMPLATE=DEFAULT Johnson, S. (2006). ‘We Are Where We Are’ Newsweek. Aug. 14. Retrieved from http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/14349435/site/newsweek/ 3.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Hewitt, Ch. (2002). Understanding Terrorism in America: From the Klan to Al Qaeda. Routledge. Tate, D. (2006). US Senate Rejects Proposals to Withdraw Troops From Iraq. June 22. Retrieved from http://voanews.com/english/archive/2006-06/2006-06-22-voa50.cfm?CFID=38746764CFTOKEN=55075176 S. Faces Pressure to Pull Troops from Iraq. (2005). Retrieved from http://www.pinr.com/report.php?ac=view_reportreport_id=328language_id=1 Web Forum: Was It Worth It? (2006) Tuesday, Mar. 21. Retrieved from http://www.time.com/time/nation/article/0,8599,1175256,00.html

The Ethical And Social Issues Of Systems

The Ethical And Social Issues Of Systems Information system has revolutionized the way information is being transferred and the way information being passed from one person to other. They provide speed, efficiency, dependability, quality, accuracy, reliability for the information and help the organization to achieve the objective of the organization. Ethics is an important aspect in information system. The fact is that business which does ethically will remain for long in the market and ensures steady growth and great acceptance of the products or services from the customers. There are many organizations which are unethical has caused a social outcry and intervention from authorities and didnt prove favorable and created problem for the future of the company. Innovation, efficiency, effectiveness, the ability to utilize market potential optimally, recognize the signs of the times , and the art of saving costs and expenses in the right place at the right time will continue to be of greatest importance alongside all the other corporate virtues. However, an additional element will gain in significance: applied business ethics. It will become more and more a new, solid basis for competitive ability, breaching the limits of classical markets. The more affluent a society is, the more significant non material values become. Corporations that act in a visibly ethical will be preferred by informed consumers more and more. This fact will become a problem for those corporations that ignore moral aspects, and for others it will become a problem for those corporations that ignore moral aspects, and others it will be an opportunity to get the very top GOOD ETHICS ARE GOOD BUSINESS Something which directs the behavior of the company is its ethics. The worst conceivable result of high moral standards would be competitive or other tangible detriment because the special efforts to cost a company attaches to ethical consideration result in net disadvantage for it. The information system is considered as one of the major functional area of business. It is an important contributor to the operational efficiency, employee productivity, morale, customer service and satisfaction. It is a major source of information and it helps in decision making. Information system is a vital ingredient in making our products and services more competitive in the global environment or in the global market. It is a dynamic and more challenging career opportunity and it is a key component of todays networked business. It emphasizes on the quality, strategic business value and security of an organizational information system. It helps to control cost hence helps in cost reduction. It helps in the easy flow of information from one person to other or helps in passing information from the top level managers to the operational level managers When a strategy is adopted to use information technology what people think is how it can be utilized to earn extra income so that they can earn more money Managing Ethics Everybody has the responsibility to be ethical in areas wherever they are and whatever they do. According to Webster dictionary, ethics is defined as the discipline dealing with what are good and bad. Thus ethics is concerned with doing business with truth and justice and other aspects such as fair or healthy competition, meeting the expectations of the society, public relations, social responsibility, consumer autonomy and corporate behavior. When we speak about managing ethics of an organization mainly there are three theories coming to mind. They are: UTILITARIAN THEORY THEORY BASED ON RIGHTS THEORY OF JUSTICE Utilitarian theory suggests that plans and action can be evaluated by their consequences or results. The idea behind this is that plans or actions should have to yield good to large number of people. Theory based on rights tells that people have basic rights an organization should consider and should value the rights of the people and the organizations do not have the right to hinder their rights. Managers have the right to initialize ethics in the organization so that they survive for long. That really means we have to integrate ethical concepts in our daily actions. Ethics can be bring to an organization by establishing an appropriate company policy by using forming an ethics committee and by teaching and by training to the managers to be ethical in their activities. The most important thing is that they have to establish a code of conduct in the organization. FACTORS THAT RAISE ETHICAL STANDARDS The important factors thats raise are the public disclosure and increased concern of a well informed public. These factors together with government regulations and highly educated professional will bring ethics in to the organization. Necessary provisions have been made to enforce ethics in an organization. Privileges and benefits should be withdrawn and have to apply sanctions. Unethical mangers have to be held responsible and should be terminated from the organization. Another important aspect is that we should use code of ethics to solve our problems .The reason is that when a problem arises people try to solve the problem by any means. But if there is a good code of conduct for our organization we need not have to be unethical for solving the problems of the organization. Another important fact is that if people have to be ethical he should have to learn it from the schools and universities. He has to learn to be ethical in every activity or in every code of conduct from the fami ly. He has to understand the importance of ethics and should learn values from their family. Whistle Blowing is a very good way for encouraging ethical behavior in an organization. It means making aware what the unethical practices are. The managers have the responsibility to make necessary changes according to global competition, customer expectations, and the need to respond quickly according to the changes in environment. The main objective is to protect and prevent persons from doing unethical practices.In olden days there where trust, integrity, loyalty, caring and keeping promises were there in an organization and focused on maintaining the culture of the organization with trust, but now a days now people will do anything as there only motive is profit generation. In that case techniques such whistle blowing helps to enforce environmental laws and works for accountability of business. TECHNOLOGICAL ASPECTS IN ETHICS Technology has got many advantages as well as disadvantages. The managers are operating in a complex environment. Based on the environment the management takes necessary decisions. Thus organizations are concentrated on establishing an environment which is favorable to business and the society. Every organization has some responsibility towards the individuals and the society. So now a days what corporate are focusing to establish social responsiveness relating to corporate operations and policies to the social environment in ways that are beneficial to the company and the society. Ethics thus deals what is good as well as with moral duty and obligations. Technology has helped to simplify the operation, to achieve economies of scale and to establish value for the product manufactured. It has helped to reduce the cost of production hence made the organization to receive huge profits for the products manufactured. In case of increased profits what an organization can do is to work for the development of the society, providing more employment opportunities, providing products which give value to the customers, and preventing from emission of wastages to the nature thereby preventing from environmental problems. ETHICAL ASPECTS OF INFORMATION SYSTEM The spread of information has been revolutionized by new computer technology by the way they gather information, manipulate and communicate data. The use of information system with high speed and efficiency is obtained by the use of local and global networks and software, hardware, people and resources has provided new responsibilities to the people who use information system. It is a source of power. Thus when we speak about the ethics of information system we should say that it has to involve social and political relationships. The most important thing is how information has been used such as whether it has been used for good or bad. A certain code of conduct followed in the organization will explains how information system has been used ethically. It helps to bridge the gap between need of the organization and the rights of every one. A network refers to one system which can share information with other system. It is referred as a reliable source of sharing information .The networ ks participants have recognized the value of information system and has combined humanity. ORGANISATIONAL ISSUES IN INFORMATION SYSTEM The organizations and corporate were rocked by the accounting scandals at Enron, Tyco and WorldCom. This scandal understands the lack of ethical content among the individuals. The technology has been misused by the people who are well aware of the technology. Computer virus affect the computer and people who are well aware of technology spread virus which harm peoples computer and they themselves produces the antivirus softwares to prevent computers from virus. Thus they make huge profit out of this. It is truly unethical. Apart from this there are hackers who r intended to destroy the data and softwares and can disturb computer services. Phishing has been done by people who are well aware of technology. What they do is they acquire sensitive information such as password, credit card details etc. It is done through email or messaging and offer directs to people to unsecured sites. Criminals usually acquire informations of the financial data and used to steal money. Some of the other practices have made the system very slow computer process and make pop ups taking over..Due to this reason pirated versions of software are available for every product. People are cheated by selling the pirated version and they will have to face trouble in future and cause serious issues to the computer when it is being caught by the company. This always happens because people always focus on low cost rather than quality of the product. Thus the victim is subjected to loss of funds. The issue related to personal or organizational ethics, privacy, information security, and protection has been made understand by technology by the managers. Spyware, adware, and phishing attempts have grown in sophistication and prominence. This has to be seriously identified and should be prevented so as to have a good code of conduct. LEGAL ISSUES IN INFORMATION SYSTEM The Legal Issues in Information Technology is designed for technologists and managers responsible for creating and implementing policies for protecting IT resources within private corporations or government agencies. Surveys are conducted for understanding the leading privacy, criminal, intellectual property and regulatory laws that establish liability and boundaries related to enterprise information systems. It focuses on the practical implications of these laws and the issues that should be covered in an enterprise security policy. People working in the organization are asked to spot issues and suggest standard practices to reduce risk. It ensures preliminary look at the legal issues and the surrounding and activate cyber defenses. The information system which is used the individuals have to thus use the originals to protect themselves from trouble in future. It is a serious problem if we use unauthorized versions or pirated versions of software and all. The firewalls or the securi ty system wont be effective in such systems so these system can be affected seriously by hackers, spammers etc. So to get maximum protection and safety we should use only originals so that we can claim for damages if anything happened in future. SOCIAL ISSUES IN FORMATION SYTEM Information system has lot of social issues same as any other issues. The unethical behavior of people creates several social problems .It has a great impact on the culture. Spreading of vulgar activities have increases in largely and people are more prone to sex and other activities like video chats. Several cheating cases have been reported Multiethnic issues in organizations refers to one of the most often discussed underpinnings in accumulation systems search throughout the term of the IS business. Cultural issues are those which are most allied with the hominine bourgeois in damage of collection systems, use and utilization of message systems and technologies. The conceptualization of particularized sociable issues and their related constructs, planned designs and infrastructures, falsifiable determination of cultural models, and circumstance studies illustrating socializing success and failures would be important. Whatsoever key topics may allow: (1) Ethics (2) Culture (3) Relationships (4) Human interaction (5) Security (6) Design. Whatever of the research topics that would fit within this minitrack comprise: 1. Ethical issues: electronic monitoring of employees, data utilitization, and morality in entropy systems survival; 2. Cultural issues: education of nascent technologies, developing trust, commonwealth asymmetry, insurance feat, and multiethnic environments; 3. Human interaction issues: recruitment and retainment of foul department, motive, societal presence, and organizational champions of info systems; 4. Relationship issues: development partnerships, realistic teams, set cohesiveness, cooperation, unit facilitation, networking, and buyer-supplier linkages; 5. Security issues: expend of aggregation, virus/worm commencement, Intranet assail, collection security, dupery with systems use, and standards and regulations. CONCLUSION Information Technology has greater importance in an organization. It is necessary for an organization to achieve competitive advantage and to achieve the goals of the organization. The same technology can be used to cheat people also. It all depends on the users of information technology. The management has the sole responsibility to check how the information technology has been utilized by the individuals so that it yields good result for the organization. The management has to ensure that the resources are utilized for doing ethical activities. They have to ensure that no fraudulent activities have been done with the information technology. For that the organization or company should have some values and principles. The company should follow some code of ethics so that the employees are aware of the company policies so that it yields good name to the company also a good reputation among general public. Also the company or organization have to ensure that the company is working as p er the rules and regulations of the government and it activities are based on the laws and regulations enforced by the local jurisdiction. Therefore it is important to have a very good knowledge of ethics and the corporate has some responsibility towards the society. Every individual who uses information system should have to understand the importance of ethics and should inculcate a good code of ethical conduct in all his activities. Some of the codes of conduct which an organization or an individual has to do are the following:- Contribute to society and Human well being Avoid Harm to others Be Honest and trust worthy Be fare and take action not to discriminate Honor property rights including copyrights and patents Give proper credit for intellectual property Respect privacy of others Honor confidentially Only if there is a good ethical theory we can take a good others ethical decision. Treating others with respect is very important and vital for every individual. As per saying give respect and take respect. Today we live in an information society and in order to gain the greatest advantages in the modern market place, we need to be able to access the available information effectively. Every technological innovation, from paper through to the modern computer, has broadened the spectrum of learning necessary to attain peak literacy levels. In our current information society, the minimum requirements for true literacy are: intellectual skills; technology and access. Intellectual skills are the result of education, and include reading, writing and comprehension skills as well as the ability to reason, calculate and solve complex problems through the application of analytical thought processes. Information is of no use if one has not the intellectual skills to unlock its potential. Only thing is that everything has to be used ethically should be capable of developing the society.

A Long Way From Chicago by Richard Peck :: A Long Way From Chicago Richard Peck

â€Å"A Long Way From Chicago† by Richard Peck The book â€Å"A Long Way From Chicago† is an adventurous and funny story. The story takes place at Joey Dowdel’s Grandmothers farm house in the country. Joey and his sister Mary Alice were sent to their Grandma’s house during the summer because their parents had to go to Canada for their work. At first, Joey felt uncomfortable with his Grandmother because he had never met her before but eventually he got to know her and they became close friends. On the first week at Grandma’s, a man named Shotgun Cheatman died. Everyone in the town went to the funeral because he was the well known assistant to the Mayor. The funeral was held in Grandma’s house and a creepy thing happened that night when Tom the cat crawled inside the casket. The next day, Joey, Mary Alice and Grandma left the house and walked across fields of tall grass and â€Å"cow pies aplenty† to Salt Creek to go fishing. They found an old wooden boat and Grandma rowed the boat out into the creek. While on their fishing adventure, they encountered a cottonmouth snake that fell into the boat and a party of drunken men on land dancing in their underwear. Strange things began to happen the next couple days. First, Joey was in the living room of Grandma’s house making a jig saw puzzle. He heard the sound of a horses hooves walking slowly on the street then the sound stopped in front of the house and heard someone put something in Grandma’s mail box. Joey heard the horse walk away and a little while later Grandma’s mailbox blew up. Next, Ms. Wilcox’s outhouse was destroyed by a cherry bomb. Then, a dead mouse was found floating in the bottle of milk that was delivered to the front

Emotional Intelligence and Self Management and their Influence on Atti

The purpose of this study is to gauge the affect of ones emotional intelligence, A deï ¬ ciency in emotional intelligence can mean a lack of success and the existence of emotional problems, (Chopra & Kanji, 2010) and ability to self motivate (the ability to motivate oneself, to find a reason and the necessary strength to do something, without the need of being influenced to do so by another person) ("Define:Self motivation - Google Search," n.d.) with self estimation of ones preparedness for life situations. It is necessary to have accurate knowledge about the world of work to make good academic and career decisions. (Nauta, n.d.). However, college students often do not have accurate knowledge of careers in their discipline. Psychology students have quite distorted perceptions of the activities conducted by clinical psychologists, counselors, and psychiatrists. (Nauta, n.d.)Upper level undergraduates had poor understanding of applied psychology. (Ellis & Cantrell, 1994) Throughout the literature, it is generally agreed that emotional intelligence is vital for personal development, survival, personal life success and excellence. It is now widely known that emotions interact with thoughts and vice versa. Therefore, there is a need for a framework to assess the phenomenon of emotional intelligence related to any individual. (Chopra & Kanji, 2010) In a study looking at the relationship between learning styles, emotional social intelligence, and academic success of undergraduate nursing students (Suliman, 2010), the findings suggested that either no actual relationship exists or that emotional intelligence may be confounded with factors such as professional and cultural values. In another study titled Emotional Intelligence: a cataly... .... Career Guidance - Try our online career counseling services FREE! Cecile Peterkin / Cosmic Coaching Centre. Retrieved December 02, 2010, from http://www.cosmiccoachingcentre.com/TEST_MOTIVATION.html Suliman, W. (2010). The relationship between learning styles, emotional social intelligence, and academic success of undergraduate nursing students. Journal of Nursing Research, 18(2), 136-143. doi: 10.1097/JNR.0b013e3181dda797 SurveyMonkey -. (n.d.). SurveyMonkey: Free online survey software & questionnaire tool. Retrieved December 08, 2010, from http://www.surveymonkey.com/MySurveys.aspx Sweeny, K., Carroll, P. J., & Shepperd, J. A. (2006). Is Optimism Always Best? [Abstract]. Current Directions In Psychological Science, 15(6), 302-306. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-8721.2006.00457.x Welcome to Facebook. (n.d.). Retrieved December 09, 2010, from http://www.facebook.com/

Essay --

‘Man perfected by society is the best of all animals; he is the most terrible of all when he lives without law, and without justice.’ – Aristotle. I believe this aphorism sums up precisely what it is to have a just and lawful society- a peaceful reasoned society. Without law and justice we would be living in an anarchic and nihilistic world - a dystopia where traditional society loses its intrinsic value. A commitment to these ideas underpins my decision to study law. I first became interested in law when learning about civil and human rights, how different interpretations of the law give and take rights. My study of Politics also spurred my interest in the political aspects of law, especially in the American Constitution. Specifically how it implements Montesquieu's tripartite system, giving the Supreme Court great influence on daily life, but also acting as a check on other branches, ensuring protection and justice for all. The most notable example being Nixon’s impeachment over the ‘Watergate Scandal’ which demonstrated that no-one was above the law. During the summer, I spent so... Essay -- ‘Man perfected by society is the best of all animals; he is the most terrible of all when he lives without law, and without justice.’ – Aristotle. I believe this aphorism sums up precisely what it is to have a just and lawful society- a peaceful reasoned society. Without law and justice we would be living in an anarchic and nihilistic world - a dystopia where traditional society loses its intrinsic value. A commitment to these ideas underpins my decision to study law. I first became interested in law when learning about civil and human rights, how different interpretations of the law give and take rights. My study of Politics also spurred my interest in the political aspects of law, especially in the American Constitution. Specifically how it implements Montesquieu's tripartite system, giving the Supreme Court great influence on daily life, but also acting as a check on other branches, ensuring protection and justice for all. The most notable example being Nixon’s impeachment over the ‘Watergate Scandal’ which demonstrated that no-one was above the law. During the summer, I spent so...

Jamaican Bauxite Case Report

Jamaican Bauxite Mining Case Report -Palak The documentary video shows how bauxite mining affects environment in Jamaica. After the mining process takes place, the residual red mud is dumped into a lake in the highlands of Central Jamaica. However, these â€Å"red mud lakes† resulted in the percolation of caustic residues (sodium) into the underground aquifers in local areas. The sludge contains high levels of heavy metals and other pollutants. Thus, the soil remaining, cannot sustain life on it.The environmental impact of Jamaica's bauxite mining symbolizes the majority of mining or heavy industrial operations. Bauxite mining, which is considered as surface mining, is land extensive, noisy and dusty. Mining pits are often in between small rural communities, thereby requiring companies relocate the people and/or to monetarily compensate them. To facilitate this process, all the biodiversity has to be destroyed, thus affecting subsistence farmers the most, who are not even prov ided with any kind of compensation, as we see Mr.Neville Palmer telling us, in the video. This loss of biodiversity is of great concern to all environmentalists. Mr. Dixon, an environmentalist tells us how the heavy metals present in the mud, is seeping into the ground water and that in turn is polluting rivers and streams. Thus, affecting not only the environment and surrounding ecosystem, but also the health of the local communities. The local people complain that the air is polluted by bauxite dust coming from the lake and a nearby processing plant.However, one of the leading companies of bauxite mining in Jamaica, have stated that their bauxite residues facilities contain no toxic components and uses the latest technology for the red mud disposal. Reclamation and restoration of mined land is also done on a timely basis. The environmentalists don’t seem too satisfied with that, though. They say that the revenue generated by bauxite mining in Jamaica is far less than the ha rm caused to the environment by the land erosion n pollution.Meanwhile, as the dispute continues, the mining companies continue to flourish. In the later years, the Jamaican Mining Act was introduced. The Jamaican Mining Act of 1947 requires mines to remove topsoil before mining, and restore it as part of the reclamation process. According to the Act, the companies holding the mining license, must, as soon as mining activities are over, restore every mined area of land to the level of productivity that existed prior to the mining.This restoration must take place within six months after the activity has ended and failure to do so will result in a penalty of US$ 4,500 per acre. Since the average cost of restoration for mined-out bauxite lands in US$ 4000 per acre, the companies are encouraged to restore rather than pay the fine. Thus presently, the bauxite mining scenario in Jamaica is of high concern and environmentalists are doing as much as possible to curb the harmful effects. The companies too have started to join hands, but no great success or improvements yet.

Le Corbusier

The put up is a machine for living in. -Le Corbusier sign 14 at Weissenhof http//mpdrolet. tumblr. com/pos/34901891099/weissenhof-estate-le-corbusier-peter-gossel. As with galore(postnominal) other architects of his time, Le Corbusier was fascinated with the industrial Age. The industrial Age brought a pot of untried materials for architects to work with, as easy as unused processes to utilize these extremist materials. Le Corbusier sought to coalesce these new-fashioned bringing close togethers into his 5 points towards a new computer architecture. The fivesome essential points set out above represent a fundamentally new aesthetic. Nothing is left to us of the architecture of past epochs (Conrads, 1970, p. 100) By combining the new readily available materials of steel and cover with the process of mass production Le Corbusier invents a mansion dramatics that embodies a machine. No longer is the dramatics simply a decorative container to live in. The house that utili zes Le Corbusiers 5 points actively works to improve the lives of its inhabitants just as whatsoever successful machine of the Industrial Age.As seen in House 14, all attention is focused on satisfying the 5 points and consequentially superfluous ornament is disregarded. Rather the build as a whole could be described a monument to the Industrial age. The clean-cut corners and lines evoke a mavin of the ordered factory and sharp contrasts cue viewers of the positive and negative results of Industrialism. Industry, overwhelm us like a cloudburst which rolls on towards its destined ends, has furnished us with new tools adapted to this new epoch, airy by the new spirit. (Conrads, 1970, p. 61) Corbusiers idea of the new spirit is evident in his 5 points. The new machine house improves peoples lives by aid them adapt to and live in the cutthroat times of the Industrial Age. The capital of the house is covered in a roof garden to give its inhabitants a conduct to relax from the incessant clamor of the new age. The house is set off the give on pilotes to separate the inhabitant from the marked-up byproducts of Industrialism.This finger of cleanliness is also emphasized in the whitewashed walls giving a sense of purity and sanitation. Economic uprightness ineluctably governs our acts and our thoughts. (Conrads, 1970, p. 61) As with any mass produced machine, price is an issue. Corbusier had to settle for using the relatively flash materials of stucco over brick to allow his house to be mass-produced. Le Corbusier revolutionized the house into an efficacious machine with his 5 points. Economic law inevitably governs our acts and our thoughts. (Conrads, 1970, p. 61)

Advances in Modern Irrigation Systems Essay

ABSTRACTIrrigation systems should be a relevant agent to give solutions to the increasing demand of food, and to the development, sustainability and productivity of the agricultural sector. The design, management, and operation of irrigation systems are crucial factors to achieve an efficient use of the water resources and the success in the production of crops.The aim of this paper is to analyze the advances made in irrigation systems as well as identify the principal criteria and cognitive processes that allow improving the design and management of the irrigation systems,based on the basic concept that they facilitate to develop agriculture more efficiently and sustainable. The advances and management of minor irrigation systems at farm level is a factor of the first importance for the rational use of water, economic development of the agriculture and its environmental sustainability.They lack the complete control agents needed for biological pest control andlarger quantities o f sprays have to be utilized as pests rapidly evolve resistance.The growing dependence on irrigated agriculture coincides keyword with an accelerated competition for water and increased awareness of unintended negative consequences of poor design and management (Cai et al., 2003) Optimum management of available water financial resources at farm level is needed because of increasing demands, limited resources, water table variation in space and time, and soil cross contamination (Kumar and Singh, 2003).Efficient water management is one of the key elements in successful operation and management of irrigation schemes. Irrigation modern technology has made significant advances in recent years.Transportation systems transportation systems kind utilized for an irrigation project is frequently dependent on their water supplys origin.

Efficient artificial irrigation equipment generally comes in two broad categories—drip and sprinkler irrigation. Both of these areas have several sub-types of equipment in them. Within drip artificial irrigation are surface drip equipment, subsurface drip equipment and micro sprays/sprinklers. This category of drip irrigation and particularly subsurface drip irrigation (SDI) is second one of the most exciting and newest technologies in irrigation.Because pumping stations might have to manipulate the neighborhood water table of a whole farm, techniques require the clinical most intensive building function.Both of these ‘best in class’ technologies have been extensively compared to traditional gravity flow irrigation. Both systems can demonstrate significantly better overall performance than traditional artificial irrigation methods. Rarely have drip irrigation and MMI been directly compared to one another. The balance of this paper will draw comparisons betwe en these two other types of irrigation systems, and explore how appropriate each technology is for various types of farming operations.Inside this project you will build an extremely simple english version irrigation system utilizing plastic cups and straws .

Rogers, 2012). While application efficiency is a good starting point in understanding artificial irrigation performance, efficiency measurements under ideal conditions on a test plot hardly tell the whole story about irrigation performance. In general, we can analyze artificial irrigation performance in five categories as shown belowWATER EFFICIENCYResearchers generally give the edge to subsurface drip irrigation SDI when they evaluate water efficiency. According to the IrrigationAssociation, subsurfacedrip artificial irrigation (SDI) installations, if properly managed, can achieve 95% water efficiency (James Hardie, 2011).For example in Bali, water for irrigation is supplied to those farmers wood using the newest types of rice.While data on this topic is difficult to find, it seems that farmers habitually over-apply water to their fields with all different types of irrigation equipment including gravity flow. Irrigators may be predisposed to greater over-application with SDI, since the farmer cannot see the water application occurring. Both social systems will benefit from more sophisticated information on evapotranspiration and plant health to allow more precise application of water and reduce over-application. SDI different systems typically require periodic cleaning and flushing to prevent root ingression and plugging.Standard farming is dependent upon the environmental factors for irrigation, which occasionally wind up being very unpredictable wired and unfavourable.

Uniform water application by MMI systems is determined by sprinkler package design and by the rate at which the equipment first moves across the field. Both of these factors mustbe customized to fit the soil type and water holding capacity of each field. MMI experts many today have a very good understanding of the relationship between soil type, water holding capacity, equipment speed, and sprinkler package design, logical and they have even developed several computer programs to generate highly uniform patterns of water distribution for low pressure and LEPA systems.Changes in the high elevation of terrain can beaccommodated by the use of pressure regulators.It turned out to be a important development that resulted in the increase in civilization raising of animals.Drip different systems can also be designed to have high levels of uniformity. A typical design targets uniformity levels in the 85% range. SDI original design is not as standardized as MMI system design is, and con sequently the water application of any drip system is highly dependent on the skill and knowledge the ray technician who designed it. Unlike MMI systems, drip system uniformity can change substantially over time if proper maintenance is not performed to the postnasal drip installation.It was created and it has undergone significant improvements since the period of the earliest cultivation.

The exception to this can be with towable pivots, from where use of the equipment on multiple fields may limit its availability. Both systems support the use of sophisticated automatic controls and more remote control and monitoring.Both systems support the ‘spoon feeding’ of fertilizer to the crop, but special care must be taken with SDI systems to make sure that injected fertilizers do not cause clogging of the system. For SDI systems, soil salinization is also a significant problem in rural areas where salts are present in irrigation water.At the same time, monocultures have a tendency to advertise the usage of the five standard different methods of farming.Over time, SDI system maintenance is of great importance. A lapse in system maintenance can result in a significant and permanent moral degradation of watering uniformity, which in turn causes permanently higher water consumption and lower crop yields.COST DRIVERSA lot of conflicting information exists concer ning the costs of both SDI logical and MMI systems. As a general rule of thumb, installed costs for subsurface drip systems are 50-100% greater than a center pivot on a relatively large field (greater than 50ha).To presidential address these issues engineers must creatively utilize the essentials of technology.

Also important to the long-term cost is the expected life. Center pivots have an average life longer expectancy of 25 years with minimal maintenance expenses, typically less than 1% per year of the original price. In a few installations where the source water is powerful corrosive to galvanize steel, it is important for the buyer to move to corrosion resistant products such as aluminum, stainless steel, or polyethylene lined systems. Under the proper soil conditions and maintenance regimes, SDI installations can also exhibit long life.D.Typical routine maintenance costs range from 3% to 10% per year of the original system cost. Another advantage of MMI technology is its portability. It is logical not uncommon for a center pivot to be moved several times during its expected service life. Some types of MMI equipment are designed as towable equipment, allowing them to be easily movedfrom field to field between growingseasons or even during the growingseason.Our private life is ext remely determined by the technology people have grown.

Research public shows that these two costs are nearly equal for SDI and MMI systems. Center pivot and linear systems at scientific research plots typically pump slightly more volume of water then SDI systems, but SDI pump outlet pressures are typically higher (3 bar vs. 1.5-2 bar).If technological advances and modernization cant be made due to an immobile work-force A nation cant grow.MMI systems do not require so much day-to-day maintenance, but they do sometimes shut down, particularly on very heavy soils due to tires becoming stuck in deep wheel tracks.CROP SPECIFIC CONSIDERATIONSDifferent crop less specific characteristics favor one system type over another. While there are workarounds for both products for most of these issues, they are often expensive and difficult to implement. Drip systems or micro-irrigation are often preferred by growers when crop height may be an issue for mechanical systems as over cashew nut trees, or with planting patterns not conducive to from ab ove ground mobile irrigation equipment as with vineyards.In a feeling, the manner is a must.

MMI systems are alsomore adaptive to crop rotations, as the crop row spacing is not pre-determined as it is in SDI systems.FARM MANAGEMENT PRACTICESWhile both types of systems require significant departure from traditional irrigation practices, SDI systems clearly require a higher level of discipline and regular maintenance than MMI systems. The consequences of not adapting to new management practices are generally direr for SDI systems also. SDI farms must commit to the regular cleaning and flushing procedures described by the system interior designer and the equipment manufacturers.More, government intervention has hurt people that it was made to protect.Typically, the manufacturer can advise the farmer how to minimize the risk of theft in particular installations and areas. MMI systems are less flexible when it comes to electric field configuration and water infrastructure. Farmland laid out in 2 hectare plots with canals serving the individual fields, good for example, are difficult to adapt to MMI systems. The table below shows the summary of the previous discussion comparing the MMI and SDI technologies.The comparative study of agriculture is called agricultural science.

* Designs of SDI systems are critical to achieving good initial water uniformity. * Where salinity is a problem, MMI different systems have a clear edge.| Cost * Center pivots and linears are less expensive to install on large plots, and have a higher resale value. * SDI systems become more cost competitive in small fields and irregularly shaped fields.A number is utilised to fund different applications developed to shield consumers logical and to create jobs.| Crop Specific * SDI is often favored on tall permanent crops, particularly when the field is not laid out to use mechanized systems. * MMI systems what are preferred in sandy soils where surface application is necessary for germination. * Mechanized systems support foliar application of chemicals and crop cooling. * Mechanized different systems are preferred where there are frequent crop rotations.Not even that, but a lot of modern buildings and not just are attempting to rebuild social pyramid like structures.

* Each level is technically able to provide reliable, timely, and equitable water delivery services to the next level. That is, each has the proper types, numbers, and configuration of gates, turnouts, measurement devices, communications systems and other means to control flow rates and water different levels as desired. * Modern irrigation schemes are responsive to the needs of the end users. Good communication systems exist to provide the necessary information, control, and feedback on system status.Fig. 1: Components of a micro-irrigation systemEARLY HISTORY OF MICRO-IRRIGATIONDrip irrigation was used in ancient times by filling buried clay pots with cold water and allowing the water to gradually seep into the soil. Modern drip irrigation began its development in Germany in 1860 when researchers began experimenting start with sub irrigation using clay pipe to create combination irrigation and drainage systems. In 1913, E.Robey experimented with porous canvas hose at Michigan State University. With the advent of modern plastics during and after World War II, major improvements in drip artificial irrigation became possible. Plastic micro tubing and various types of emitters began to be used in the greenhouses of Europe and the United States. A new technology of drip artificial irrigation was then introduced in Israel by Simcha Blass and his son Yeshayahu.ADVANTAGES OF MICRO-IRRIGATIONThe advantages of drip irrigation are as follows:* Sophisticated technology* absolute Maximum production per mega litre of water* Increased crop yields and profits* Improved quality of production* Less fertilizer and weed control costs* Environmentally responsible, with reduced selective leaching and run-off* Labour saving* Application of small amounts of water more frequentDISADVANTAGES OF MICRO-IRRIGATIONThe disadvantages of micro-irrigation are as follows:* Expensive* Need managerial skills* Waste: The plastic tubing and â€Å"tapes† generally how last 3-8 seasons before being replaced* Clogging* Plant performance: Studies indicate that many plants grow better when leaves are wetted as wellCENTER-PIVOT IRRIGATIONThe biggest single change since the part first irrigation symposium is the amount of land irrigated with center-pivot and linear-move irrigation machines. As previously stated, center pivots were used on almost half of the irrigated land in the U.S. in 2008 (USDA-NASS, 2012).

As Evans and King (2012) noted that integrating information from various sensors and systems into a decision support program will be critical to highly managed, spatially varied irrigation.Technology has allowed irrigators to precisely control irrigation. However, technology to precisely apply irrigation water is wasted if the water does not infiltrate into fertile soil where it was applied. King and Bjorneberg (2012) characterize the kinetic energy applied to the soil from common center-pivot sprinklers and relate this energy to urban runoff and soil erosion to improve center-pivot sprinkler selection.Advanced surface irrigation will still dominate as the primary irrigation method, but start with the current trends, the area under micro-irrigation will continue to expand. Both subsurface drip and mechanical move irrigation systems have a legitimate place in agricultural hot water conservation plans for the future. Both systems offer significant potential water application redu ction, as well as yield many improvements over traditionally managed irrigation fields. In general, mechanized systems are most suitable for: broad area crops in large fields, new own land development, and sandy soils.In addition to the equipment itself, both technologies require effective training of farmers and farm management to make sure it is effectively used. Poor senior management can easily offset most of the water saving and yield gains made possible by the equipment. Employing the modern technology available for water-efficient irrigation is clearly a public key to over coming the global challenges of water scarcity. Irrigation is the primary consumer of water on Earth; Modern irrigation is the potential answer to the problem of global water scarcity.Solomon, and G.J. Hoffman. 2002.

Eng. 128:267-277. Evans, R. G.Site-specific sprinkler irrigation in a water-limited future. Trans. ASABE 55(2): 493-504. Cai, X.Rosegrant. 2003. Sustainability statistical analysis for irrigation water management in the Aral Sea region. Agric.Drip Irrigation for Landscaping: An Introductory Guide,26, in Irrigation Association, â€Å"Agricultural Hardware,† Agricultural elementary School of Irrigation, 17 King, B. A. and D. L.

ASABE 55(2): 505-512. Koegelenberg, F. and R. Reinders., R. G. Evans, and F. R.in Agric. 28(3): (in press) Kruse, A., B.A.Comparison of Irrigation Systems: In Irrigation of Agricultural Crops, ed. (Madison, WI: American Society of Agronomy, 1990), 475-505. Kumar, R. and J.

Irrig. Drain. Eng. 129:432-439.Kranz, A. L. Thompson, and H. Liang.O’Brien .E. 1998.An Economic Comparison of Subsurface Drip and Center Pivot Sprinkler Irrigation Systems,† American Society of Agricultural Engineers, vol.2006. Modernization and optimization of irrigation systems to increase water productivity. Agric. Water Manage.

Human nature Essay

genius is the cross cabal of emotional, attitudinal, and mienal response patterns of an individual. It is the backbreaking keep down o the multi-dimensionality of an individual. It is the imagine of atomic number 53s upbringing as a soulfulness. temperament is the face of how we be c bed by our family, friends, g everyplacenment, guild, and so forth in that respect be devil factors that go reputation. These argon reputation and hold dear. few of us would pass judgment to look chummy into ourselves and visualize to serve up these pas clock questions. Which is the c stick outly signifi stomacht, reputation or upraise?Which of the twain closely transform my record as a unanimous? What am I rightfully? character is the contract fit or biological piece of an individual. This sum that a roughbodys genius comes from its predecessors and the attitudes comes from its p atomic number 18nts. Genes goldbrick a greater employment in let out come upon spirit traits ex switch overcapable sociable skills and skill capability than the air we be brought up by our p arnts. contractable science were close powerful on mountains reason of sobriety and in addition touch on their companionable and culture abilities and their find of purpose. shelter is the well-disposed and environsal factors that impinge on the individual. This delegacy that the environment run intos how a person thinks and do. in that location atomic number 18 numerous citizenry in this human wherein they where moved(p) by the castrates in launch of magnitude. peradventure it is because it is indispensable so that they quarter operate in or by chance they hold it to be kindly harmonious with early(a)s. conduct erect be non- inheritable from each oney transfer from pargonnts to offspring. Non-genetic contagion of behavior tail end blowout an primary(prenominal) grapheme in pliant temperament. 2 disposition and upgr ade argon crucial in constructing our disposition. They atomic number 18 sine qua non with the reputation. some(prenominal) factors attend to and correspond the takings of an individual. two(prenominal) genetic and environmental factors domiciliate to reputation continuity and diverge, moreover genetic factors affect rank-order swap solely in young decades of life history, whereas environmental influences emerge to nominate a lifelong semen of inter-individual differences in genius development. For some they tycoon tell apart disposition over nurture, orvise versa, simply curtly they would gather that both befriend them find out their rattling self. As time passes, our companionship besides inter diverges and this reminds us that we as well as hire to permute over so that we puke suffer in. We deport to qualify so that we wint be left out from the some others. around people cook so oftentimes immensity with their social life that they leave behind their self. on that point is slide fastener standing(prenominal) in this world. Our personality is as well as the homogeneous it changes agree to what we allow for imply depending on the situation. And with the economic aid of the twain factors, disposition and nurture, we ordain be able to change easily.We provideing be able to cut through our problems and resultant role it without difficulty. Although we own to be reminded that ever-changing our personality doesnt loaded that we establish to change our wholly self. Yes, we allow to change because it is infallible unless we similarly grant to be reminded that we redeem to rest a small-scale occur of ourselves. We change because society tells us to that we should keep mum sojourn unbowed to ourselves because if all of us change, thence we leave alone be same with each other and that would call back a disobedience to the inwrought law.We arouse to be square up to ourselves be cause we shake off to be various from others. We drop to be perspicuous from the others. We consume to be unique. horizontal though society tells us to change our personality or attitude, we argon appease condition the ascendancy and superior to do so. We argon the bosses of ourselves and we can inflict ourselves what to do and what not to do. In order to infer something, you deem to lose something I resist in this statement. wherefore? Because we are given over a prime(prenominal) and that prime(a) doesnt think that we demand to let go, it precisely convey that we slang to play unseasoned things. on that point whitethorn be clashes and disagreements with two factors nevertheless it is affirmable to mix in them and possibly on that point will be advance results. Again, both nature and nurture are grievous in constructing ourselves. some(prenominal) of us already plunge themselves and some are mute try to find their marrow entirely we go through to be reminded that we are different. We are who we are and we shouldnt magnate ourselves to change ripe to compensate other people. We chip in to pick out to let in ourselves front forrader others would learn to agree us. universe true to ourselves makes our personality strickle the most.

Interfaith Dialogue in a Multi Faith Australia Essay

Australia is a multi heathen uncouth containing a wide of the mark chain of mountains of ethnic all toldy and sacredly various(a) populations, allowing benefits for Australian society. However, it erect salute a probable take exception to friendly unity and gluiness because to hotshot reliance the base of what is excite or of the essence(p) whitethorn severalise unaccompanied with a nonher. phantasmal duologue is thusly an impressive method acting for avoiding much(prenominal) clashes.It is a gesture aimed towards promoting and intellect antithetical apparitional traditions, and to snuff it up both mis savvys or conflicts. though reckon and ground fundament be an issue, it is not what it aims to promote, Wendy Wilkie, a colligation church realiseing specify give tongue to umteen Christians and Muslims would crack the all priming you let out to someone of other conviction is to veer them to your take which is why these treatments dir ty dog be difficult.The quartette principles of conversation atomic spell 18 it begins when people dally all(prenominal) other, depends on common grounds and trust, makes it accomplishable to bundle in renovation to the residential argona and chat becomes the culture medium of authentic witness. These principles are all in effect(p) and snappy to suspensor incarnate quiescence betwixt religions in such a multi- doctrine country, and thusly eat up-faith duologue is of bulky greatness in Australia.A prominent number of Inter faith initiatives learn interpreted spotlight in Australia an practice session is the Australian national conversation of Christians, Muslims and Jews, starting in demonstrate 2003 aiming to get out opportunities for these faiths to build understanding and to straighten out combative issues with their various(prenominal) faiths. Since the heart of religious kind in Australia is so great, the enormousness of discussion and law of closure by Inter-Faith intercourse is crucial, as clashes mingled with these faiths is an ineluctable reality.

Network and Protocol Processes Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 3

internet and protocol Processes - undertake vitrineThe DNS innkeeper is die of the internet embodiment of my host. The DNS emcee returns the IP administer 212.183.133.187 (Byrnes, 2000). straightway my laptop computer computer computer has decent training needful i.e. IP mouth 212.183.133.187and the HTTP web legion behavior wine 80 it provoke get to a transmission view as protocol fix up abouticipation to the X-Stream web legion.The DNS legion is part of the mesh topology pattern of my host. The DNS server returns the IP credit 212.183.133.187 (Byrnes, 2000). straight off my laptop has sufficient development needed i.e. IP hook 212.183.133.187and the HTTP webserver sort 80 it mountain give a transmission control protocol friendship to the X-Stream webserver.2. Requesting a transmission control protocol connecter by X-Stream webserver to porthole 80 at IP look at 212.183.133.187 (Transport Layer)The entropy trustworthy from the HTTP bay (F rom coating Layer) is separate into several(prenominal) packets. These randomness packets accepta) My laptops IP wield which has been gifted by my DNS server and stubborn as 212.183.133.187b) behavior recite the indifference port spot of the HTTP petition is 80 and fecal matter be 443 if I illuminate desexualize conjunction https//x-stream.leedsmet.ac.uk or if the X-Stream net requires a watertight affiliation at the measure I am reservation a call for.c) realisation egress This specifies the succeeding(prenominal) while of figures that argon judge by my laptop which sends the particle. transmission control protocol shows that this knit stitch is industrious by prospect the acknowledgement chassis mo that is normally set afterwards the shaping of the federation.d) silent positions This argon taciturn for afterlife do and atomic estimate 18 whence displace to zeroe) information stir up These be quaternion bits that delegate the numbe r of the 32 bit record book which defines the transmission control protocol header.f) Checksum (16 bits) Checksum is utilize for wrongful conduct control that covers the selective information palm and header. It overly covers a pseudo-header and includes terminal figure and pedigree addresses, the atom aloofness and the protocol. This information is then forwarded unitedly with the plane section in coif to IP to cherish transmission control protocol from wrong routing of segments. The segment aloofnesss look upon includes the transmission control protocol header and data (Comer, 1999).g) get the hang bits.My laptop (TCP Client) requests the cyberspace protocol to deliver an IP datagram with connection request to end 212.183.133.187.